Manuscript preparation
Contributions should be well organized and written in concise, clear language, avoiding multiple heading levels and exhaustive tables or figures. Authors are expected to use internationally recognized nomenclature and quote necessary relevant references. All measurements should be expressed in SI units.
Title: Titles are limited to 20 words, and should be concise, indexable, and informative for a broad scientific audience, avoiding subheadings, colons, questions, and nonstandard abbreviations.
Author(s) and author affiliation(s): Authors should have participated sufficiently in the research work to take public responsibility for the content. Family names are written in upper case and they appear before given names for authors. The affiliation should be the institution where the research work was carried out. Detailed addresses are required, with postal codes. The email address of corresponding author must be provided.
Abstract: The abstract should briefly describe the research purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. Overly technical jargon, special symbols, and equations should be avoided, and citation of references is not allowed.
Keywords: A list of 5 to 8 keywords that reflect the theme of the research should follow the abstract.
Financial supports: The full name and the number of each fund should be included.
Main Text: A paper should begin with a brief introduction of the significance of the author’s research. Nomenclature, symbols, and abbreviations should be defined at their initial appearance. All the figures and tables should be numbered in numerical order. Authors should avoid excessive use of mathematical models, mathematical derivation, or overly technical jargon.
Introduction: Introduce the relevant research background and recent progress, present the problems to be addressed, and then briefly describe the method(s) used in your work. The aim of the research should be mentioned at the end of the introduction.
Materials and methods: Clearly describe the materials, methods, and experimental procedure of the research to allow others to repeat the work.
Results and discussion: Concisely present experimental results in text or display items.
Conclusions: Conclusions should be derived from observations and experimental results. Comparison with other relevant results is considered helpful to further prove the results. Repetition of data should be avoided, and conclusions and suggestions are required to be clearly expressed. New hypotheses and recommendations may be proposed when warranted.
References: References should be numerically numbered and cited in order within the text, with the numbers expressed in square brackets. The author should carefully check the author names, article title, journal title, year, volume, and issue number of each reference, and create the reference list according to CSB formatting guidelines.
English summary: For Progress, Review, Article, Letter and Views, an English summary (450—600 words) should be included in a separate page at the end of the manuscript. The English title, author name(s) & affiliation(s), and keywords are also required.
Electronic supplementary materials：CSB accepts electronic multimedia files (e.g., animations, movies, and audio) and other supplementary files to be published online along with an article. This feature can add dimension to the author’s work, as certain information cannot be printed or is more conveniently accessed in electronic form.
Reference format
1. For author name(s), the full spelling of the family name appears before the given name initials, with a space in the middle.
2. If there are more than 3 authors, the first 3 names are followed by “et al.”
3. The article title should be identified by an initial capital letter with the remainder of the title in lowercase.
4. For correct abbreviations of journal titles, refer to ISO guidelines (e.g., Chin Sci Bull for Chinese Science Bulletin, Sci China Life Sci for Science China Life Sciences).
5. For book titles and proceeding names, the initial letter is capitalized for all notional words and function words with more than 4 letters.
6. The editor name(s), the publisher, the publishing address, and the beginning and terminating pages are required for proceedings.
7. Unpublished materials or papers without volume and issue numbers cannot be cited as references, except for those with a DOI.
8. Websites and homepages cannot be cited as references.
Reference examples are given as follows:
● Journal
Hu C H, Hu W P, Zhang F B, et al. Sediment resuspension in Lake Taihu, China. Chin Sci Bull, 2006, 51: 731–737
Payne D K, Sullivan M D, Massie M J. Women’s psychological reactions to breast cancer. Semin Oncol, 1996, 23(Suppl 2): 89–97
● Monograph
Norman I J, Redfern S J, eds. Mental Health Care for Elderly People. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1996
● Proceedings
Polito V S. Calmodulin and calmodulin inhibitors: Effect on pollen germination and tube growth. In: Mulvshy D L, Ottaviaro E, eds. Pollen: Biology and Implication for Plant Breeding. New York: Elsevier, 1983. 53–60
Cecil T E, Chern S S. Dupin submanifolds in Lie sphere geometry. In: Jiang B J, Peng C-K, Hou Z X, et al., eds. Differential Geometry and Topology. Lect Notes in Math, Vol 1369. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989. 1–44
● Conference proceedings
Minor H E. Spillways for high velocities. In: Zurich V E, Minor H E, Hager W H, eds. Proceedings of International Workshop on Hydraulics of Stepped Spillways, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 2000. 3–10
● Dissertation
Tang H J. Ecological studies on phytoplankton of the shallow, eutrophic Lake Donghu. Dissertation for Doctoral Degree. Wuhan: Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2002
● Technical report
Phillips N A. The Nested Grid Model. NOAA Technical Report NWS22. 1979
● Patent
Zhang W P. Experiment Apparatus of Diffraction Imaging. China Patent, 02290557.X, 2003-12-03
● User manual
Wang D L, Zhu J, Li Z K, et al. User Manual for QTKMapper Version 1.6, 1999
● Software
Hemodynamics III: The ups and downs of hemodynamics. Version 2.2. Orlando (FL): Computerized Educational Systems. 1993
● CD
Anderson S C, Poulsen K B. Anderson’s Electronic Atlas of Hematology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Wilkins, 2002
● Electronic version of a journal
Christine M. Plant physiology: plant biology in the Genome Era[OL]. Science, 1998, 281: 331–332[1998-09-23].
http://www.sciencemag.org/ anatmorp.htm
Stylistic rules and layout
Terms: Use terms standardized by the China National Committee for Terms in Sciences and Technologies (the Committee). Terms that have not been standardized by the Committee should be used according to the accepted standards of the relevant discipline [e.g., Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)]. Terms without standard translations, should be defined at their initial appearance in manuscript. Do not use nonstandard abbreviations.
Numbers: Use Arabic numerals in the manuscript. Be cautious when rounding to significant figures. The precision of measured data should not exceed that of the measuring instruments. Please ensure that all the data in the manuscript are accurate.
Units: Use units according to the national legal standard and the relevant international regulations.
Italics: Use italics for the following cases: (1) letters in statistics (e.g., F, T, t test, and P value); (2) the configuration of chiral compounds (e.g., S and Z); (3) the position of substituents in a compound [e.g., o-(ortho-), p-(para-), and m- (meta-)]; (4) variables in a formula (e.g., the equilibrium constant K and the rate constant k); and (5) Latin terms in biology (e.g., in vivo and in vitro).
Figures and tables: Figures, tables, and text should be well organized, without duplication of data. Figures and tables should be concise, clear, and self-explanatory. They should be numbered in order, inserted in the text, and cited in text in consecutive numerical order. Use three-line tables in the manuscript.
Please provide the original vector graphs of the figures, so that the text font and size is editable. Figures provided can be in the following formats: (1) *.cdr; (2) *.ai; (3) *.eps; (4) *.org; and (5) *.xls. Figures in bitmap format should have a resolution of no less than 1200 dpi. Figures in grey-scale map format should have a resolution of no less than 600 dpi. The color images should have a CMYK of no less than 300 dpi.
Please size your figures to fit the column width (3–7 cm for one-column version and 10–15 cm for two-column version). Lines in the figures should contain no shading, and lines of the same type should be of the same width. Letters in the figure should be black, and in Arial 7-pt font.
Formulas: Formulas should be numerically numbered. All formula numbers should be enclosed in round brackets, and presented on the right side of the formulas.
